WEBVTT Kind: captions; language: en-us NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:13.000 Hello everybody. Today, we have hopefully an interesting encounter. Hopefully we can have some fun. 00:00:13.000 --> 00:00:24.950 Yeah, let's try this. So, today the topic is performative methods or Performance Based Methods, 00:00:24.950 --> 00:00:29.000 which is a huge family of methods NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 63% (MEDIUM) 00:00:29.900 --> 00:00:40.900 that we don't usually think about. This something that you do not find often in the 00:00:40.900 --> 00:00:50.400 textbooks, in the handbooks of methods, but they are extremely important and extremely popular 00:00:50.400 --> 00:00:59.250 especially when it comes to the work with special needs and vulnerable NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (HØY) 00:00:59.250 --> 00:01:12.100 populations, and when it comes to work with participants that may 00:01:12.100 --> 00:01:18.700 have some barrier -can be a linguistic barrier, can be another kind of barrier- . So this is why I 00:01:18.700 --> 00:01:28.100 really would like you to to learn about these methods and to consider them. Of course as any kind of 00:01:28.100 --> 00:01:29.050 method you use NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 83% (HØY) 00:01:29.050 --> 00:01:37.200 it's part of a system. So you can also combine different methods, not necessarily use one 00:01:37.200 --> 00:01:45.400 single way of collecting data. So, let's move immediately to your question. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:01:45.400 --> 00:01:56.949 Actually they are very very important questions. I really appreciate your 00:01:56.949 --> 00:02:03.000 commitment to this. You don't ask many questions, but when you ask a question is always a 00:02:03.000 --> 00:02:12.450 tough one for me. I appreciate this. So, let's start with the concept of embodiment. 00:02:12.450 --> 00:02:27.900 *Professor sharing his screen* NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:02:27.900 --> 00:02:35.900 Now you should be able to see it. Well, the first question about the concept of 00:02:35.900 --> 00:02:48.350 embodiment. Maybe if you had some courses, you are already familiar with this concept, 00:02:48.350 --> 00:02:55.750 but maybe not everybody. Also because it is a concept that somehow has NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:02:55.750 --> 00:03:03.400 slightly different meanings for different disciplines. Because it is used in phenomenology, it is 00:03:03.400 --> 00:03:10.300 used in in the Hutchins theory of distributed cognition, it is used 00:03:10.300 --> 00:03:19.300 neurosciences, it is used in psychoanalysis also. So, each one of 00:03:19.300 --> 00:03:25.600 these areas has a slightly different meaning for embodiment. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (HØY) 00:03:25.600 --> 00:03:40.149 So, I'll try to bring together all the the common traits. The idea of embodiment comes from a turn 00:03:40.149 --> 00:03:49.400 in philosophy and human in social sciences around the 70s. So, when there was a big effort to 00:03:49.400 --> 00:03:55.800 overcome the Cartesian dualism, the sharp seperation NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (HØY) 00:03:55.800 --> 00:04:05.899 between mind and body. And the fact that these are two different domains and 00:04:05.899 --> 00:04:13.900 different people study these different aspects. But actually, the body turn during the 70's was 00:04:13.900 --> 00:04:23.200 exactly say that ''You cannot separate the mind and the body, because we are our bodies. '' This also 00:04:23.200 --> 00:04:25.549 started earlier NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (HØY) 00:04:25.549 --> 00:04:31.500 with phenomenology of course. But it was kind of restricted. For instance, have you heard about 00:04:31.500 --> 00:04:41.300 people like Sartre, Merleau-Ponty? Which were kind of philosophers, psychologists... 00:04:41.300 --> 00:04:51.200 We started to reflect about the way how our body puts us into the world. 00:04:51.200 --> 00:04:55.799 So we are connected to our bodies, so it's not something separate, it's not a machine that we NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 88% (HØY) 00:04:55.799 --> 00:05:03.700 control with our minds, but also the body is our interface with the world. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (HØY) 00:05:05.000 --> 00:05:15.450 So, this general idea has been developed in different ways, but we can have some common traits. 00:05:15.450 --> 00:05:25.400 One idea is the idea of distributed cognition, extended cognition, extended mind, distributed mind. 00:05:25.400 --> 00:05:34.049 So the idea is that our cognition is not NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (HØY) 00:05:34.049 --> 00:05:41.700 restored only in the brain, but all our body and all our peripheral central and peripheral nervous 00:05:41.700 --> 00:05:53.600 systems are part of our mind or our cognition and related to the world. For instance, 00:05:53.600 --> 00:06:01.100 the idea of gut feelings, so when 00:06:01.100 --> 00:06:04.100 you feel something with your guts, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 80% (HØY) 00:06:04.100 --> 00:06:15.800 with your belly. Also, in Greek philosophy 00:06:15.800 --> 00:06:22.700 the mind or the emotions were located here and not in the brain. In ancient Greek philosophy the 00:06:22.700 --> 00:06:29.400 brain was not the most important part of our body. The idea is that we here have an 00:06:29.400 --> 00:06:34.100 incredible part of our nervous system. So, it is NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (HØY) 00:06:34.100 --> 00:06:40.500 definitely true that we also experience the world with this part of the body. So that's just a 00:06:40.500 --> 00:06:51.700 metaphor, an example. At the same time, our cognition is not limited within the body. 00:06:51.700 --> 00:07:01.650 For instance, I imagine that when you have to make a calculation, you use a calculator, right? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (HØY) 00:07:01.650 --> 00:07:06.500 If I ask you, who is making the calculation? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 76% (HØY) 00:07:06.500 --> 00:07:09.700 You or the calculator? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:07:14.100 --> 00:07:28.600 What do you think? Both? So, our mind is distributed throughout our body, but also outside. So that's 00:07:28.600 --> 00:07:39.400 the idea of distributed cognition. The second important aspect of the embodiment idea is that our 00:07:39.400 --> 00:07:42.450 body is not only our body. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:07:42.450 --> 00:07:46.800 Our body is a social arena. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:07:47.000 --> 00:08:00.400 A lot of things happen on our body. Our body is shaped by culture. Why do you go to the gym? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:08:01.500 --> 00:08:05.549 Why do you cut your hair in a certain way? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:08:05.549 --> 00:08:14.800 This is how the culture is inscribed in our body. Why do you get tattoos? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:08:15.600 --> 00:08:24.100 So it's not just the culture, which is shaping your body, but you and your body say something to the 00:08:24.100 --> 00:08:33.299 society. So it's an arena. It's especially important when we 00:08:33.299 --> 00:08:42.650 study special needs. Why? Because the body of the people with special needs is even 00:08:42.650 --> 00:08:45.500 more controversial arena. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:08:45.500 --> 00:08:54.500 Just imagine for instance, how the society is controlling sexuality. Our sexuality is inscribed 00:08:54.500 --> 00:09:02.700 by society in our bodies. So for a long time, the body of people with some kind of special 00:09:02.700 --> 00:09:06.300 needs was asexual. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 88% (HØY) 00:09:06.300 --> 00:09:14.300 So sexuality was not a right or pleasure for people disabilities. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 83% (HØY) 00:09:14.300 --> 00:09:16.850 But that's a body. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:09:16.850 --> 00:09:24.500 Another common point is the fact that we are egocentric. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:09:24.500 --> 00:09:35.700 We are all egocentric. Why? Because our body is limiting our perception of the world. So, we see 00:09:35.700 --> 00:09:46.500 the word in this way. We don't have highs on the back. So the way we the perspective of the world 00:09:46.500 --> 00:09:52.000 the perspective in which we perceive the world is egocentric. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:09:52.800 --> 00:10:03.100 It's a bodily thing. So, it depends on our biological structure. But it is also a 00:10:03.100 --> 00:10:11.400 psychological thing. So we perceive the world from our perspective. It's only through and 00:10:11.400 --> 00:10:16.950 forth that we can take the other person's perspective. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:10:16.950 --> 00:10:24.500 And only by assuming that the other person is somehow similar to us. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:10:25.700 --> 00:10:35.400 But also we are not only egocentric, because of the culture is inscribed in our bodies. We are also 00:10:35.400 --> 00:10:37.150 ethnocentric. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 88% (HØY) 00:10:37.150 --> 00:10:46.300 We perceive the word starting from our own bodily embodied perspective, which is also a cultural 00:10:46.300 --> 00:10:53.500 perspective. Just imagine the importance of gaze. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:10:53.500 --> 00:11:01.600 So we perceive the gaze from this perspective. This is our perception. But our 00:11:01.600 --> 00:11:08.300 gaze is cultural. Do you remember the observation things? But it is also because our 00:11:08.300 --> 00:11:12.200 culture tells us where to look. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:11:12.200 --> 00:11:22.300 Some cultures don't want people to look straight in the eyes. This is highly aggressive and offensive 00:11:22.300 --> 00:11:27.600 In some cultures, people will look down and this will give them a completely different 00:11:27.600 --> 00:11:34.900 perspective on the world. What do you look in the people you meet? Do you look the shoes? 00:11:34.900 --> 00:11:41.000 You look to the face, the hair cut? This is cultural. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:11:41.000 --> 00:11:54.300 The other important element that comes directly from the phenomenology is that our body is NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:11:54.300 --> 00:11:58.700 subject and object at the same time. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:11:58.700 --> 00:12:09.600 So, reflection emerges from the fact that our body is the subject, so we are the subject, we have our 00:12:09.600 --> 00:12:17.400 egocentric perspective; But we are also the object, so we know that the others are looking at me, on my body. 00:12:17.400 --> 00:12:27.500 So, I see myself through the eyes of the others constantly and I know that the others are 00:12:27.500 --> 00:12:29.000 looking at me. So I feel NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 87% (HØY) 00:12:29.000 --> 00:12:38.400 as a subject who looks and an object who is looked at the same time. But it's not so easy. 00:12:38.400 --> 00:12:46.550 At the same time , I can also be subject and object of myself. So for instance, there is a famous example 00:12:46.550 --> 00:12:57.200 in Merleau-Ponty about the hand. So, my hand is the way I explore the word, I touch things. 00:12:57.200 --> 00:13:00.950 So, what happens when I touch my hand? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (HØY) 00:13:00.950 --> 00:13:11.800 With one hand, I touched my hand... So, I'm exploring with my body, but I am exploring my body as if 00:13:11.800 --> 00:13:19.300 it was an external object. I become subject and object at the same time of the experience 00:13:19.300 --> 00:13:25.700 of the world. This is very important because it has to do with the 00:13:25.700 --> 00:13:31.700 development of how our self-consciousness or how our self reflexivity, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:13:31.700 --> 00:13:33.800 our self-awareness. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:13:34.800 --> 00:13:43.900 So this is general embodiment. When you see this word in the text, it has to do with all these stuff. 00:13:43.900 --> 00:13:51.950 We should have one course only on embodiments. I try to sum up as much as possible. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (HØY) 00:13:51.950 --> 00:13:56.600 Questions? Comments? From home? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (HØY) 00:13:58.100 --> 00:14:02.900 Hmm. Yeah, that's not easy stuff. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 71% (MEDIUM) 00:14:03.400 --> 00:14:14.400 So next question.. Okay, very nice question actually and very challenging. Have you watched 00:14:14.400 --> 00:14:20.500 the video? This Britihs dance company? I got this question that I find 00:14:20.500 --> 00:14:24.600 very relevant. Why is it relevant for us? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:14:24.600 --> 00:14:34.800 I don't want to tell you why it's relevant because it's not the same for everyone 00:14:34.800 --> 00:14:40.900 but let's start by your experience watching the that video. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:14:40.900 --> 00:14:46.800 I don't know if you watched also the other videos, there are plenty of it. So, what was your 00:14:46.800 --> 00:14:50.300 feelings watching the video? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (HØY) 00:14:51.000 --> 00:14:58.300 Come on, don't be shy, be honest. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:15:00.800 --> 00:15:06.800 From home? What was your first feeling? 00:15:06.800 --> 00:15:09.250 *student saying ''awkward''* 00:15:09.250 --> 00:15:11.450 Awkward? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 80% (HØY) 00:15:11.450 --> 00:15:15.900 Yeah, definitely. What else? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:15:18.200 --> 00:15:21.100 How did you feel? 00:15:32.100 --> 00:15:38.400 Nobody felt uncomfortable for instance? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (HØY) 00:15:42.500 --> 00:15:45.850 No feeling? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:15:45.850 --> 00:15:52.700 Disturbed? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:15:52.700 --> 00:15:55.050 Confused? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:15:55.050 --> 00:15:58.400 Yeah, what else? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:15:59.300 --> 00:16:04.500 Did for instance, did anybody simply loved it? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (HØY) 00:16:04.500 --> 00:16:08.700 Or had fun watching that video? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (HØY) 00:16:09.400 --> 00:16:11.550 No? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 68% (MEDIUM) 00:16:11.550 --> 00:16:14.100 No. Why? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 81% (HØY) 00:16:16.600 --> 00:16:21.900 I cannot read the chat, so just tell me why. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 45% (LAV) 00:16:25.300 --> 00:16:27.550 *Student talking, not detectable for subtitling* NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:16:27.550 --> 00:16:34.500 Yeah, exactly. You don't know if there is a message, very good. These are all very good 00:16:34.500 --> 00:16:44.000 observations. I must tell you one more thing. The video I linked was not the full 00:16:44.000 --> 00:16:45.500 performance. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 84% (HØY) 00:16:45.500 --> 00:16:54.000 Because the full performance was a street performance. They performed in the streets of 00:16:54.000 --> 00:17:08.250 London, but they were dressed from old times, they had dresses from the 1920's 1930's. 00:17:08.250 --> 00:17:14.650 They were dressed like they went out for a dancing night and they were drunk 00:17:14.650 --> 00:17:15.500 in the mornin after. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 67% (MEDIUM) 00:17:15.500 --> 00:17:24.000 So, the performance, street performance, was super fun. You could not stop 00:17:24.000 --> 00:17:28.400 laughing at it. It was super ironic, super fun. 00:17:34.000 --> 00:17:37.400 Why do you think NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:17:37.400 --> 00:17:42.400 they do such kind of performance? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 86% (HØY) 00:17:42.400 --> 00:17:49.400 One could say ''I didn't get the message, if there is a message. '' Okay, so what do 00:17:49.400 --> 00:17:52.000 you think can be the message? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:17:59.600 --> 00:18:06.400 What did you bring back home after watching that performance? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (HØY) 00:18:12.800 --> 00:18:15.400 Any idea? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:18:30.300 --> 00:18:34.700 Well, the point is exactly that 00:18:34.700 --> 00:18:43.700 why we study Performance Based methods. Because Performance Based methods, they are made to 00:18:43.700 --> 00:18:52.500 give you access to a level of experience, which cannot be reached in other ways. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:18:52.500 --> 00:18:57.150 So, you first feel and then you reflect. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (HØY) 00:18:57.150 --> 00:19:07.000 That's the idea of Performance Based methods. So, that was not a representation of something, was not 00:19:07.000 --> 00:19:18.100 simply a show. They create a situation into which you first relate effectively NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (HØY) 00:19:18.100 --> 00:19:27.449 so you experience something. It is awkward. Very good. It's somehow raising your curiosity. 00:19:27.449 --> 00:19:34.750 Curiosity, or the feeling that something is strange is exactly the stem for thinking. 00:19:34.750 --> 00:19:47.000 *student asking question, not detectable for subtitling* NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:19:47.500 --> 00:19:57.000 That specific performance is the kind of work that that company does. They don't 00:19:57.000 --> 00:20:08.600 do academic research. So, what they do is, they do work of reflection upon the disability. 00:20:08.600 --> 00:20:15.400 They try to represent the condition, the first person condition of disability. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (HØY) 00:20:15.400 --> 00:20:21.500 And they also denounce the stereotypes NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (HØY) 00:20:21.500 --> 00:20:30.500 about disability and instead of writing a book, they create a performance. So that's the idea. 00:20:30.500 --> 00:20:36.300 I'm not sure if it's a specific research. For instance, 00:20:36.300 --> 00:20:43.400 there is another very nice performance, which is instead a community research and action based 00:20:43.400 --> 00:20:51.550 research, this company went to a village of fishermen --you know, fishing is kind of disappearing. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 70% (MEDIUM) 00:20:51.550 --> 00:20:59.500 especially the small fisher villages--, what they did together with the community, they 00:20:59.500 --> 00:21:08.700 created a performance about the story of the village. So, it was an action of community empowerment. 00:21:08.700 --> 00:21:15.650 That was a research for instance. I think you can find the show on the website. 00:21:15.650 --> 00:21:21.600 So, the idea is that through the performance NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:21:21.600 --> 00:21:33.200 you start questioning something, like values for instance. For instance, one example, 00:21:33.200 --> 00:21:38.700 can a person without the legs, have fun dancing? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 72% (MEDIUM) 00:21:40.000 --> 00:21:48.650 Your first answer would probably be no. Okay. Well, that performance is already questioning 00:21:48.650 --> 00:21:55.700 your assumption or stereotype of a person with that disability. It starts by surprise. You say ''Look, that's not 00:21:55.700 --> 00:22:01.800 possible. '' Oh, very good. Start with suprise. That's the starting of philosophy, used to say Aristotle. 00:22:01.800 --> 00:22:08.400 Aristotle said philosophy start with surprise, with amazement. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:22:08.400 --> 00:22:15.700 So, that's why it is relevant. That's why it is relevant for us. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:22:16.600 --> 00:22:19.250 Next question. 00:22:21.650 --> 00:22:38.200 ''The role of audience in performative research'' Other very important question. Performative 00:22:38.200 --> 00:22:49.000 research is exactly doing research with the audience, not about the audience. So the audience is 00:22:49.000 --> 00:22:52.550 part of the process. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (HØY) 00:22:52.550 --> 00:23:00.900 It has two goals, to show something in such a way, that you experience it as a whole. 00:23:00.900 --> 00:23:05.600 Not only rationally but has a whole, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 80% (HØY) 00:23:05.600 --> 00:23:15.400 you are immersed in an experience. But also, is really democratic and participative. Very often 00:23:15.400 --> 00:23:23.600 you ask the audience to be part of the creation of knowledge. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 82% (HØY) 00:23:25.800 --> 00:23:32.600 I want to tell you a short story about a concrete example. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (HØY) 00:23:32.900 --> 00:23:41.100 A couple of years ago before the Covid, I was invited in Brazil to participate in a Performance 00:23:41.100 --> 00:23:56.700 Based project. So, there was a very nice theater company and they were collaborating with an 00:23:56.700 --> 00:24:01.400 association, an NGO, to prevent suicide. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (HØY) 00:24:04.200 --> 00:24:10.550 So, what they decided to do is to create a performance NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:24:10.550 --> 00:24:13.400 about suicide, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:24:15.200 --> 00:24:27.900 and than they invited me and other psychologists to engage the audience after the performance. 00:24:27.900 --> 00:24:35.400 The performance was based on a very short novel of maybe the most famous Brazilian author of the 00:24:35.400 --> 00:24:38.750 19th century, Machado De Assis. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (HØY) 00:24:38.750 --> 00:24:49.100 It is a monologue. It is a monologue of a young man who is going to suicide. 00:24:49.100 --> 00:24:58.600 So it's like the last day of life, and it's incredible because you love a lot. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 82% (HØY) 00:24:58.600 --> 00:25:06.200 So, can you imagine a guy telling you for one hour how he is going to kill himself and why, and 00:25:06.200 --> 00:25:13.750 can be funny? So it's a very nice novel and actually the play was very nice because 00:25:13.750 --> 00:25:17.600 all the time you shift from different feelings... NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:25:17.600 --> 00:25:29.300 You cry, you love, you feel ashamed, you feel amazed. Somehow it's very powerful 00:25:29.300 --> 00:25:40.900 because it represents exactly the very complex emotional life of a person who is thinking about suicide. 00:25:40.900 --> 00:25:48.900 Well, we had this performance. There was the audience in the theater, and after the performance, 00:25:48.900 --> 00:25:58.000 the actors, the psychologists and the audience, sat all together and started to discuss about 00:25:58.000 --> 00:26:04.100 suicide, about the performance for quite a long time actually. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:26:04.100 --> 00:26:15.750 Well, the amazing thing is that a lot of things started to happen. People started 00:26:15.750 --> 00:26:20.600 to talk about their personal stories related to suicide. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:26:20.600 --> 00:26:30.000 Than we started to talk about the prejudice. For instance, when someone in the family commit 00:26:30.000 --> 00:26:38.500 suicide, there is a shame on the whole family. So it's a tragedy that lasts after the suicide for the 00:26:38.500 --> 00:26:43.900 whole family, that has a kind of stigma. So, all these things started to emerge and 00:26:43.900 --> 00:26:51.050 people started to cry. It was an incredible experience. So, at the end of this experience, NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:26:51.050 --> 00:26:55.050 we all came out with a lot of new knowledge NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:26:55.050 --> 00:27:03.400 about the experience of suicide, the social representation of suicide, how to prevent suicide of course. 00:27:03.400 --> 00:27:11.950 And our role as psychologists was basically to facilitate. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:27:11.950 --> 00:27:22.000 So we didn't really have to give advice, because you cannot give advice in that condition. 00:27:24.700 --> 00:27:32.500 But they didn't need psychologist at that moment because all the group, all the 00:27:32.500 --> 00:27:38.100 community of the audience was creating new knowledge. What do you do with this new knowledge? 00:27:38.100 --> 00:27:42.199 Well, first of all, everybody was bringing back home this a new awareness about NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (HØY) 00:27:42.199 --> 00:27:48.900 suicide and new knowledge about suicide and suicide prevention. But for instance, we didn't 00:27:48.900 --> 00:27:57.200 recorded the debate, we decided not to record. But if we would have recorded that, that would have 00:27:57.200 --> 00:28:07.100 been a huge amount of data for a further analysis. So, such a thing, could not emerge in a 00:28:07.100 --> 00:28:08.750 focus group. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 83% (HØY) 00:28:08.750 --> 00:28:12.650 It's not the same that doing a focus group for instance. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 81% (HØY) 00:28:12.650 --> 00:28:21.850 It's much more. It's involving the active audience participation in the performance. 00:28:21.850 --> 00:28:29.000 So, that's an example. That's why it is important to use this, to ask people not only to answer our 00:28:29.000 --> 00:28:38.100 questions, but to have people doing things, that's the meaning of Performance Based research. 00:28:38.100 --> 00:28:42.000 So, we do things together with our participants. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:28:42.000 --> 00:28:44.450 Is it clear? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:28:44.450 --> 00:28:47.200 Questions? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:28:48.100 --> 00:28:50.800 From home? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 69% (MEDIUM) 00:28:51.700 --> 00:28:54.600 No, okay. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:28:59.300 --> 00:29:11.900 The challenge today was to try to design this activity for both people here and people at home. 00:29:11.900 --> 00:29:21.300 That was really a challenge. I hope we have everything here in the classroom. 00:29:21.300 --> 00:29:29.750 Nevertheless, I think that this is something that you should try. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 90% (HØY) 00:29:29.750 --> 00:29:38.200 Or at least, should start thinking about ''why?''. Because, you are supposed to work with special needs 00:29:38.200 --> 00:29:55.100 people and special needs people often have an intersection of conditions that can limit the 00:29:55.500 --> 00:29:59.450 use of some methods. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:29:59.450 --> 00:30:08.750 So, body mapping is really effective. I use it a lot. It's used a lot in disability studies 00:30:08.750 --> 00:30:20.200 it's used a lot with people with people with chronic illnesses, it's used a lot in 00:30:20.200 --> 00:30:29.600 study with situation of abuse for instance. So, these are all areas in which you may work. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (HØY) 00:30:29.600 --> 00:30:41.650 And it's also used as therapical tool. So you may, one day, need to use it. 00:30:41.650 --> 00:30:49.550 So, now we will take more time to do this, because it requires some time. I will give you the instructions 00:30:49.550 --> 00:30:54.900 and then we think we can have a break. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:30:54.900 --> 00:31:07.700 Okay, the same structure. Up there, there is some material for you in the room. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:31:07.700 --> 00:31:18.200 At home, you can take the material that you have there. But it's not so complicated. So now we 00:31:18.200 --> 00:31:24.300 have a break, you have the time to create the groups and to find the material that you want. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 75% (MEDIUM) 00:31:25.700 --> 00:31:28.400 Re-instruction. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:31:28.400 --> 00:31:36.800 How to do this? In your group... You have to choose one NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 85% (HØY) 00:31:36.800 --> 00:31:47.600 person who is the participant and I need at least two more persons. One is the interviewer, 00:31:47.600 --> 00:31:56.300 who's asking question. And one is the observer. Actually, you could also record with 00:31:56.300 --> 00:32:04.400 your phone the whole thing. Of course, you have to delete it afterwards. So you 00:32:04.400 --> 00:32:07.199 can watch afterwards how does it work. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:32:07.199 --> 00:32:15.000 So these are the instruction for home and the classroom. 00:32:15.000 --> 00:32:23.800 You take a big piece of that roll of paper. Then you have 00:32:23.800 --> 00:32:33.300 scissors, color paper, crunchy paper, 00:32:33.300 --> 00:32:39.100 you have feathers, you have scottch tape NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:32:39.100 --> 00:32:46.200 you have a lot of stuff there. So take what you want from there. The first step 00:32:46.200 --> 00:32:55.500 is, one lays on the ground and the interviewer is drawing the shape of the body on the paper. 00:32:55.500 --> 00:33:02.350 You can do whatever you want, you can take the position you want. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 89% (HØY) 00:33:02.350 --> 00:33:10.300 Than, you start decorating the shape of the body during the interview. So, the interviewer will ask you, 00:33:10.300 --> 00:33:20.500 for instance, when do you feel lonely? For instance... Does it makes you feel 00:33:20.500 --> 00:33:27.000 something, in some part of the body? The person says ''Yes, here. '' Okay, how would you draw this 00:33:27.000 --> 00:33:32.250 feeling? Which color is this feeling? So this is how you develop the interview. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:33:32.250 --> 00:33:41.900 Try to do a little bit of interview. Try to do a little bit of observation... 00:33:41.900 --> 00:33:50.000 So try to develop your own interview about the experience of loneliness 00:33:50.000 --> 00:33:57.400 or solitude. At home, unfortunately you cannot draw the whole body, but one person can choose to 00:33:57.400 --> 00:34:02.150 draw a part of the body. So you take a piece of paper and NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:34:02.150 --> 00:34:09.300 draw a part of your body --can be hand, the head, your leg, whatever--. And, you have one 00:34:09.300 --> 00:34:18.000 interviewer and one observer as well. The observer takes notes and record what is happening. 00:34:20.699 --> 00:34:29.100 Yeah, that's it. Is it clear? Please don't ask me afterwards to repeat the instruction. If you 00:34:29.100 --> 00:34:31.900 don't understand something, ask me now. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:34:32.000 --> 00:34:34.500 Okay. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 91% (HØY) 00:34:35.199 --> 00:34:39.600 Is it clear? Also from home? NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 74% (MEDIUM) 00:34:39.600 --> 00:34:46.300 Student from zoom: So our questions are going to 00:34:46.300 --> 00:34:56.150 focus on the concept of loneliness? *** Professor: The experience, the experience or solitude. 00:34:56.150 --> 00:35:06.900 Student: Okay, thank you. *** Professor: Yeah, that's it. So now we have a break. At 11 o'clock we are back. 00:35:06.900 --> 00:35:10.000 Maybe we can. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 79% (HØY) 00:35:10.000 --> 00:35:17.800 also do something, you can work in groups of three if you want instead of four or five. It's up 00:35:17.800 --> 00:35:26.000 to you. Also at home, we can create rooms of three, maximum four people. Yeah, that's it. 00:35:26.000 --> 00:35:34.950 Then we meet again 10 minutes, 15 minutes before the end. So we have a briefing. Fine? 00:35:34.950 --> 00:35:37.500 Clear? Great. NOTE Treffsikkerhet: 77% (HØY) 00:35:37.500 --> 00:17:50.850 So, I stop recording now, and we have a break.