By applying recognised scientific principles, we can describe phenomena by means of mathematical equations. It is usually impossible to find exact solutions to such equations, so they need to be reformulated to make them suitable for being solved by computer. The solution process entails formulating mathematical models, constructing numerical algorithms, developing programs (with emphasis on calculation efficiency), visualisation/graphics, as well as qualitative evaluation of the calculation results. Relevant projects could include all the steps in this process, or focus on just some of them.
There are several groups working in this field.